The Delhi government is set to launch its first artificial rain pilot project through cloud seeding to combat air pollution. With all scientific, meteorological, and aviation clearances in place, the city awaits the ideal cloud conditions to begin operations.
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has given its nod for the experiment, validating the feasibility of cloud seeding over the National Capital Region (NCR). This marks a significant move towards science-led environmental intervention in one of the world’s most polluted cities.
IIT Kanpur Leads the Mission from Skies
Titled “Technology Demonstration and Evaluation of Cloud Seeding as an Alternative for Delhi NCR Pollution Mitigation,” the pilot project is being spearheaded by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur. It will use specially equipped Cessna aircraft fitted with flare systems to disperse a proprietary mix of Silver Iodide nanoparticles, iodised salt, rock salt, and hygroscopic agents into the atmosphere. These substances are designed to enhance moisture absorption and encourage rainfall, which can help reduce airborne pollutants.
“We are only waiting for the right clouds. The moment conditions align, Delhi will witness its first artificial rain experiment,” said Environment Minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa.
“This is not just about inducing rain; it’s about testing a scientific roadmap for future clean-air strategies. We are pushing every boundary—from the streets to the skies—for the right to breathe clean air,” he added.
Five Sorties Planned Over NCR Airspace
The pilot phase includes five flight sorties, targeting low-security, non-sensitive airspaces in outer and northwest Delhi. Each sortie will last up to 90 minutes and cover approximately 100 square kilometres.
Real-time weather data provided by the IMD—including cloud height, type, wind direction, and dew point—will be used to determine optimal flight timings. Strict safety protocols will be observed, with restricted zones such as Rashtrapati Bhavan, the Prime Minister’s residence, and Parliament House excluded from operations.
The ideal cloud formation for the operation is Nimbostratus (Ns)—clouds located between 500 to 6,000 metres above ground with at least 50% moisture content.
Air Quality Impact to Be Closely Monitored
To assess the environmental impact of the artificial rain, real-time air quality monitoring will be carried out across Delhi. Focus will be on key pollutants like PM2.5 and PM10, measured through Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) installed citywide.
The estimated cost of the project stands at ₹3.21 crore and is fully funded by the Department of Environment, Government of NCT of Delhi. IIT Kanpur, which previously conducted seven successful in-house cloud seeding trials in drought-hit regions, is leveraging its experience to determine if artificial rain can help mitigate urban pollution.
“This project represents scientific courage and environmental justice,” Minister Sirsa said. “If successful, it could redefine how polluted cities across India respond to air quality emergencies.”
